3 G - 4 G Spectrum

نویسنده

  • Darshan Shah
چکیده

This topic gives you basic ideas about the spectrums used in 3G and 4G communication systems. It also spreads light on the technologies used in both systems and their applications in current time. It allows one to understand the evolution of 4G from early 1G,its reasons and its effects.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

D-Spectrum and D-Energy of Complements of Iterated Line Graphs of Regular Graphs

The D-eigenvalues {µ1,…,µp} of a graph G are the eigenvalues of its distance matrix D and form its D-spectrum. The D-energy, ED(G) of G is given by ED (G) =∑i=1p |µi|. Two non cospectral graphs with respect to D are said to be D-equi energetic if they have the same D-energy. In this paper we show that if G is an r-regular graph on p vertices with 2r ≤ p - 1, then the complements of iterated lin...

متن کامل

Laplacian Energy of a Fuzzy Graph

A concept related to the spectrum of a graph is that of energy. The energy E(G) of a graph G is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of G . The Laplacian energy of a graph G is equal to the sum of distances of the Laplacian eigenvalues of G and the average degree d(G) of G. In this paper we introduce the concept of Laplacian energy of fuzzy graphs. ...

متن کامل

Normalized laplacian spectrum of two new types of join graphs

‎Let $G$ be a graph without an isolated vertex‎, ‎the normalized Laplacian matrix $tilde{mathcal{L}}(G)$‎ ‎is defined as $tilde{mathcal{L}}(G)=mathcal{D}^{-frac{1}{2}}mathcal{L}(G)mathcal{D}^{-frac{1}{2}}$‎, where ‎$mathcal{D}$ ‎is a‎ diagonal matrix whose entries are degree of ‎vertices ‎‎of ‎$‎G‎$‎‎. ‎The eigenvalues of‎ $tilde{mathcal{L}}(G)$ are ‎called as ‎the ‎normalized Laplacian eigenva...

متن کامل

Characterizations of the simple group $D_{n}(3)$ by prime graph and spectrum

We prove that $D_n(3)$, where $ngeq6$ is even, is uniquely determined by its prime graph. Also, if $G$ is a finite group with the same prime graph as $D_4(3)$, then $Gcong D_4(3), B_3(3), C_3(3)$ or $G/O_2(G)cong {rm Aut}({}^2B_2(8))$.

متن کامل

The residual spectrum of $U(n,n)$; contribution from Borel subgroups

‎In this paper we study the residual spectrum of the quasi-split unitary group $G=U(n,n)$ defined over a number field $F$‎, ‎coming from the Borel subgroups‎, ‎$L_{dis}^2(G(F)backslash G(Bbb A))_T$‎. ‎Due to lack of information on the local results‎, ‎that is‎, ‎the image of the local intertwining operators of the principal series‎, ‎our results are incomplete‎. ‎However‎, ‎we describe a conjec...

متن کامل

On the spectra of reduced distance matrix of the generalized Bethe trees

Let G be a simple connected graph and {v_1,v_2,..., v_k} be the set of pendent (vertices of degree one) vertices of G. The reduced distance matrix of G is a square matrix whose (i,j)-entry is the topological distance between v_i and v_j of G. In this paper, we compute the spectrum of the reduced distance matrix of the generalized Bethe trees.

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2012